eXPeditious Data Transfer

Last update: Jan 06, 2022

Overview

xpdt: eXPeditious Data Transfer

About

xpdt is (yet another) language for defining data-types and generating code for serializing and deserializing them. It aims to produce code with little or no overhead and is based on fixed-length representations which allows for zero-copy deserialization and (at-most-)one-copy writes (source to buffer).

The generated C code, in particular, is highly optimized and often permits the elimination of data-copying for writes and enables optimizations such as loop-unrolling for fixed-length objects. This can lead to read speeds in excess of 500 million objects per second (~1.8 nsec per object).

Examples

The xpdt source language looks similar to C struct definitions:

struct timestamp {
	u32	tv_sec;
	u32	tv_nsec;
};

struct point {
	i32	x;
	i32	y;
	i32	z;
};

struct line {
	timestamp	time;
	point		line_start;
	point		line_end;
	bytes		comment;
};

Fixed width integer types from 8 to 128 bit are supported, along with the bytes type, which is a variable-length sequence of bytes.

Target Languages

The following target languages are currently supported:

C
Python

The C code is very highly optimized.

The Python code is about as well optimized for CPython as I can make it. It uses typed NamedTuple for objects, which has some small overhead over regular tuples, and it uses struct.Struct to do the packing/unpacking. I have also code-golfed the generated bytecodes down to what I think is minimal given the design constraints. As a result, performance of the pure Python code is comparable to a JSON library implemented in C or Rust.

For better performance in Python, it may be desirable to develop a Cython target. In some instances CFFI structs may be more performant since they can avoid the creation/destruction of an object for each record.

Target languages are implemented purely as jinja2 templates.

Serialization format

The serialization format for fixed-length objects is simply a packed C struct.

For any object which contains bytes type fields:

a 32bit unsigned record length is prepended to the struct
all bytes type fields are converted to u32 and contain the length of the bytes
all bytes contents are appended after the struct in the order in which they appear

For example, following the example above, the serialization would be:

u32 tot_len # = 41
u32 time.tv_sec
u32 time.tv_usec
i32 line_start.x
i32 line_start.y
i32 line_start.z
i32 line_end.x
i32 line_end.y
i32 line_end.z
u32 comment # = 5
u8 'H'
u8 'e'
u8 'l'
u8 'l'
u8 'o'

Features

The feature-set is, as of now, pretty slim.

There are no array / sequence / map types, and no keyed unions.

Support for such things may be added in future provided that suitable implementations exist. An implementation is suitable if:

It admits a zero (or close to zero) overhead implementation
it causes no overhead when the feature isn't being used

License

The compiler is released under the GPLv3.

The C support code/headers are released under the MIT license.

The generated code is yours.

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v0.0.5(Jan 6, 2022)

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Source code(tar.gz)
Source code(zip)
v0.0.4(Jan 6, 2022)

Recover from malformed inputs in enum stream by yielding an exception.
Source code(tar.gz)
Source code(zip)
v0.0.3(Dec 21, 2021)

First cut of multiplexed files support, where you can read/write structs of different types to and from the same file. A discriminator field and record length is prepended to each record.

Fields whose names begin with underscore are now considered hidden/reserved fields. They can be use to add padding and force specific alignments.

Improve the error messages in the tokenization stage.

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Source code(tar.gz)
Source code(zip)
v0.0.2(Jun 27, 2021)

A new string type was added, as well as the ability to add reserved/padding fields which are set to all zeroes.

Some language-breaking changes were made: the "type" keyword changed to "struct" and the signed integer types were renamed to the more conventional "i8" ... "i64".
Source code(tar.gz)
Source code(zip)
v0.0.1(May 23, 2021)

Source code(tar.gz)
Source code(zip)

eXPeditious Data Transfer

Related tags

Overview

xpdt: eXPeditious Data Transfer

About

Examples

Target Languages

Serialization format

Features

License

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