Extract knowledge from raw text
This repository is a nearly copy-paste of "From Text to Knowledge: The Information Extraction Pipeline" with some cosmetic updates. I made an installable version to evaluate it easily. The original code is available @ trinity-ie. To create some value, I added the Luke model to predict relations between entities. Luke is a transformer (same family as Bert), its particularity is that during its pre-training, it trains parameters dedicated to entities within the attention mechanism. Luke is in fact a very efficient model on entity-related tasks. We use here the version of Luke fine-tuned on the dataset TACRED.
In this blog post, Tomaz Bratanic presents a complete pipeline for extracting triples from raw text. The first step of the pipeline is to resolve the coreferences. The second step of the pipeline is to identify entities using the Wikifier API. Finally, Tomaz Bratanic proposes to use the Opennre library to extract relations between entities within the text.
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Installation
pip install git+https://github.com/raphaelsty/textokb --upgrade
You will have to download spacy en model to do coreference resolution:
pip install spacy==2.1.0 && python -m spacy download en
Quick start
>>> from textokb import pipeline
# A list of types of entities that I search:
>>> types = [
... "human",
... "person",
... "company",
... "enterprise",
... "business",
... "geographic region",
... "human settlement",
... "geographic entity",
... "territorial entity type",
... "organization",
... ]
>>> device = "cpu" # or device = "cuda" if you do own a gpu.
>>> pipeline = pipeline.TextToKnowledge(key="jueidnxsctiurpwykpumtsntlschpx", types=types, device=device)
>>> text = """Elon Musk is a business magnate, industrial designer, and engineer. He is the founder,
... CEO, CTO, and chief designer of SpaceX. He is also early investor, CEO, and product architect of
... Tesla, Inc. He is also the founder of The Boring Company and the co-founder of Neuralink. A
... centibillionaire, Musk became the richest person in the world in January 2021, with an estimated
... net worth of $185 billion at the time, surpassing Jeff Bezos. Musk was born to a Canadian mother
... and South African father and raised in Pretoria, South Africa. He briefly attended the University
... of Pretoria before moving to Canada aged 17 to attend Queen's University. He transferred to the
... University of Pennsylvania two years later, where he received dual bachelor's degrees in economics
... and physics. He moved to California in 1995 to attend Stanford University, but decided instead to
... pursue a business career. He went on co-founding a web software company Zip2 with his brother
... Kimbal Musk."""
>>> pipeline.process_sentence(text = text)
head relation tail score
0 Tesla, Inc. architect Elon Musk 0.803398
1 Tesla, Inc. field of work The Boring Company 0.733903
2 Elon Musk residence University of Pennsylvania 0.648434
3 Elon Musk field of work The Boring Company 0.592007
4 Elon Musk manufacturer Tesla, Inc. 0.553206
5 The Boring Company manufacturer Tesla, Inc. 0.515352
6 Elon Musk developer Kimbal Musk 0.475639
7 University of Pennsylvania subsidiary Elon Musk 0.435384
8 The Boring Company developer Elon Musk 0.387753
9 SpaceX winner Elon Musk 0.374090
10 Kimbal Musk sibling Elon Musk 0.355944
11 Elon Musk manufacturer SpaceX 0.221294
By default the model used is wiki80_cnn_softmax. I also added the model Luke (Language Understanding with Knowledge-based Embeddings) which provide a pre-trained models to do relation extraction. The results of the Luke model seem to be of better quality but the number of predicted relationships is smaller.
Here is how to use LUKE
>>> from textokb import pipeline
# A list of types of entities that I search:
>>> types = [
... "human",
... "person",
... "company",
... "enterprise",
... "business",
... "geographic region",
... "human settlement",
... "geographic entity",
... "territorial entity type",
... "organization",
... ]
>>> device = "cpu" # or device = "cuda" if you do own a gpu.
>>> pipeline = pipeline.TextToKnowledge(key="jueidnxsctiurpwykpumtsntlschpx", types=types, device=device, luke=True)
>>> text = """Elon Musk is a business magnate, industrial designer, and engineer. He is the founder,
... CEO, CTO, and chief designer of SpaceX. He is also early investor, CEO, and product architect of
... Tesla, Inc. He is also the founder of The Boring Company and the co-founder of Neuralink. A
... centibillionaire, Musk became the richest person in the world in January 2021, with an estimated
... net worth of $185 billion at the time, surpassing Jeff Bezos. Musk was born to a Canadian mother
... and South African father and raised in Pretoria, South Africa. He briefly attended the University
... of Pretoria before moving to Canada aged 17 to attend Queen's University. He transferred to the
... University of Pennsylvania two years later, where he received dual bachelor's degrees in economics
... and physics. He moved to California in 1995 to attend Stanford University, but decided instead to
... pursue a business career. He went on co-founding a web software company Zip2 with his brother
... Kimbal Musk."""
>>> pipeline.process_sentence(text = text)
head relation tail score
0 Elon Musk per:siblings Kimbal Musk 10.436224
1 Kimbal Musk per:siblings Elon Musk 10.040980
2 Elon Musk per:schools_attended University of Pennsylvania 9.808870
3 The Boring Company org:founded_by Elon Musk 8.823962
4 Elon Musk per:employee_of Tesla, Inc. 8.245111
5 SpaceX org:founded_by Elon Musk 7.795369
6 Elon Musk per:employee_of SpaceX 7.765485
7 Elon Musk per:employee_of The Boring Company 7.217330
8 Tesla, Inc. org:founded_by Elon Musk 7.002990
Here is the list of available relations using Luke studio-ousia/luke-large-finetuned-tacred:
[
'no_relation',
'org:alternate_names',
'org:city_of_headquarters',
'org:country_of_headquarters',
'org:dissolved',
'org:founded',
'org:founded_by',
'org:member_of',
'org:members',
'org:number_of_employees/members',
'org:parents',
'org:political/religious_affiliation',
'org:shareholders',
'org:stateorprovince_of_headquarters',
'org:subsidiaries',
'org:top_members/employees',
'org:website',
'per:age',
'per:alternate_names',
'per:cause_of_death',
'per:charges',
'per:children',
'per:cities_of_residence',
'per:city_of_birth',
'per:city_of_death',
'per:countries_of_residence',
'per:country_of_birth',
'per:country_of_death',
'per:date_of_birth',
'per:date_of_death',
'per:employee_of',
'per:origin',
'per:other_family',
'per:parents',
'per:religion',
'per:schools_attended',
'per:siblings',
'per:spouse',
'per:stateorprovince_of_birth',
'per:stateorprovince_of_death',
'per:stateorprovinces_of_residence',
'per:title'
]
Notes
The first time you initialize the model with Opennre or Luke, you may have to wait a few minutes for the model to download. Since we use the Wikifier API to track entities (NEL), it is necessary that your computer is connected to the internet. You can create your own credential for the API here: Wikifier API registration. Tomaz Bratanic mentions the possibility to replace Wikifier with BLINK however this library is very RAM intensive.
♻️
Work in progress
I failed to use the wiki80_bert_softmax model from Opennre due to a pre-trained model loading error (i.e. Tensorflow errors on Mac M1). I used the lighter model wiki80_cnn_softmax when reproducing Tomaz Bratanic's blog post. It would be interesting to be able to easily add different models and especially transformers. The API I used are not optimized for batch predictions. There are a lot of room for improvement by simply updating Opennre and Luke APIs.
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